London's Waterfront
This large project comprises the publication of four archaeological excavations of 1974-83 around the north end of London Bridge in the City of London: Swan Lane (1981-2), Seal House (1974), New Fresh Wharf (1974-8) and Billingsgate Lorry Park (1982, watching brief 1983). The excavations were conducted by the Department of Urban Archaeology (DUA) of the Museum of London.
The Swan Lane and Seal House excavations lay on the upstream, west side of the present London Bridge in Upper Thames Street; New Fresh Wharf and Billingsgate lay on the downstream, east side of the present Bridge in Lower Thames Street. These two pairs of sites were similarly west and east of the north end of the medieval and Roman London bridges.
Publication of the sites
A small effigy, perhaps a toy, from Cologne, from from the buildings at Billingsgate which were destroyed in the Great Fire
All four sites, being in the reclamation zone of the north bank of the Thames, found Roman and late Saxon (10th-11th century) waterfronts; reportson these were published on 1986 and 1992. The next stage of the project was to publish an account of the period 1100 to 1666. In 2018 Archaeopress and CoLAT jointly published this large (550-page) monograph, London’s Waterfront 1100-1666: excavations in Thames Street, London, 1974-84 . Below you will find a link to the press release and summary of the monograph. CoLAT is also pleased to host here the complete text as a single PDF file, which can be downloaded free of charge. This is the same as the text on the Open Access page of the Archaeopress website.
Attention then turned to a fourth stage in the project, the analysis and publication of the buildings and artefacts from the four sites in the period after the Great Fire, that is from 1666 to 1800. This was when the port of London began to be the organisational hub of the new British Empire. Funds were awarded to the project by CoLAT in 2019 to finish the necessary post-excavation assessment of the sites for this period. The project is called London’s Waterfront 1666 to 1800 and is directed by John Schofield. For a free copy of the whole text in PDF format, see below in the Documents and Video section. This is the same text as available on the Archaeopress website.
Use of the material
17th-century houses on the London waterfront were decorated with Dutch tiles. Fragments were found at Billingsgate; this is a complete example from an excavated site nearby in Botolph Lane
You are welcome to download any of these files. If you wish to use any of them in your work, please contact John Schofield to ask permission and to get the method of citing the report correct. The project authors are happy to discuss anything emerging from the current work with colleagues. Further, we encourage students of any kind, and their supervisors, to consider conducting research on this material, perhaps on a small group of finds, pottery, or strata (contexts).
Documents and video
PROJECT FILES AND SUMMARY

| Title | File Type | File Size |
|---|---|---|
| London’s Waterfront and its World, 1666 to 1800 0 |
20 MB | |
| London’s Waterfront 1100-1666 0 |
36 MB | |
| London’s Waterfront – press release 0 |
2 MB | |
| Supplementary material 0 |
335 KB | |
| Post-excavation finds assessments 0 |
500 KB | |
| London’s Waterfront 1100 – 1666: summary paper in Antiquaries Journal 2019 0 |
2 MB |
Video
| Title |
|---|
| BBC TV Chronicle series programme on the Billingsgate excavation of 1982 |
| Nikolai Manttari playing a replica of the Billingsgate trumpet |
ARTICLES AND JOURNAL PAPERS
| Title | File Type | File Size |
|---|---|---|
| ‘Thomas Soane’s buildings near Billingsgate London, 1640-66’ 0 in Post-Medieval Archaeology 43 (2009), 282-341 |
3 MB | |
| ‘The medieval port of London: publication and research access’ 0 in London Archaeologist 13 (Winter 2012), 181-6 |
4 MB | |
| ‘William Widmore’s pottery cupboard: excavations in Thames Street, London, 1974-8’ 0 in London Archaeologist 14 (2014), 19-23 |
8 MB | |
| ‘Review in Current Archaeology’ 0 |
502 KB | |
| ‘John Reynewell and St Botolph Billingsgate’ 0 in E A New and C Steer (eds) Medieval Londoners: essays to mark the eightieth birthday of Caroline M Barron (2019), 245–74 |
9 MB |
ARCHIVE REPORTS AND ARCHIVE DATA
The archive report on the largest site, Billingsgate Lorry Park (BIG82, also called Billingsgate for short) is the narrative account of the ten stratigraphic periods on the site from the 12th century to the 18th century.
| Title | File Type | File Size |
|---|---|---|
| Billingsgate (BIG82) Periods 8 to 17 Archive Report 0 |
14 MB | |
| Site plans for archive report Period 8.1 to Period 12.7 0 |
4 MB | |
| Site plans for archive report Period 12.8 to Period 16.8 (the Great Fire of 1666) 0 |
2 MB | |
| Site plans for archive report Period 17.1 to Period 17.7 (post-Fire) 0 |
531 KB | |
| Medieval and post-medieval pottery from New Fresh Wharf 0 |
144 KB |